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=Linux Console=
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{{A}}
The AlphaCom E runs a [Linux] distribution from MontaVista, kernel version 2.4.<br\>
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[[File:Linux Console.PNG|thumb|right|500px|The Linux Console]]
Linux uses a command line interface (CLI).
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AlphaCom XE runs a Linux distribution from Timesys, kernel ver. 2.6. Linux uses a Command Line Interface (CLI). This CLI can be accessed via the so-called Linux Console.
  
'''When do I need to use the Linux Console?'''
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In the field the Linux Console can be used for:
*Ping devices on the network
 
*File image update
 
*Access to the file system
 
  
'''The Linux Console can be accessed on two ways:'''
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*Collect information for debugging purposes, e.g. [[SIP trace]]
*Via the ethernet port using ”telnet”
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*Flash Image update – [[AMC Flash Image update from Redboot|Recovery of file system]]
*Via serial port 1
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*Direct access to the AMC-IP memory (NVRAM) via the [[TST console]]
  
  
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==Accessing the Linux Console==
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[[File:Putty Linux.PNG|thumb|right|400px|In PuTTY enter the required connection parameters]]
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The Linux Console is accessed via the ethernet port of the AMC-IP.
  
=Linux  Console - Telnet=
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#In AlphaWeb, '''System Configuration''' -> '''Filters''', enable the SSH port (port 22).
Start the Windows command line
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#A SSH/Telnet client is required on the PC. The free SSH/Telnet client “PuTTY” is recommended. Download and install PuTTY from here: [http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/ PuTTY]
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#Start PuTTY, and enter the '''IP address''' of the AlphaCom, select protocol '''SSH''' and port number''' 22'''. Press '''Open'''.
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#You will be prompted for username and password:
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#*Username: '''alpha'''
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#*Password: '''com'''
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#*When using ICX500 use the same username but Password '''alphacom'''
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#You are now logged in to the Linux Console
  
[[Image:Linux1.png|250px]]
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[[File:LinuxConsoleLogIn.PNG|thumb|400px|right|Successful login to the Linux Console]]
  
Type telnet <AMC IP-adress>
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Note: AMC software version 10 is using the Telnet protocol on port 23, not the SSH protocol on port 22. When accessing an AMC-IP running software 10 you must enable Telnet (port 23) in '''Filters''' in AlphaWeb, and select '''Telnet''' protocol and port '''23''' in PuTTY.
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<br style="clear:both;" />
  
[[Image:Linux2.png|250px]]
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==Some useful commands==
  
  Username: alpha
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*tst -s /tmp/sipd_trace    (Start [[SIP trace]] - for debugging when SIP Trunk issues)
  Password: com
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*ping <IP-address>  (Checks communication against external device)<br />
The Telnet port (23) is by default disabled in the firewall
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*ps -A  (List running processes)
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*ls -l (list files)
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*/sbin/ifconfig (list IP adresses etc of ethernet ports)
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*netstat -a (list network connections)
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*top    (Displays a listing of the most CPU-intensive tasks on the system)
  
  
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The Linux console runs the "bash" shell.
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Documentation for Linux commands: [http://www.die.net/doc/linux/man/ die.net/doc/linux]
  
=Linux Console – Serial Port=
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==Change linux user passwords==
  
[[Image:Linux3.png|right|250px|thumb]]
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It is not possible to change linux user passwords from AlphaWeb (as of version 12.3.3.0). It can be done from Linux Console using the [http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/chpasswd.8.html chpasswd] command. Log in as root. Example: Change password of 'alpha' user to 'JwDZHQ'
  
Use a terminal program (like HyperTerminal) connected to serial port 1<br\>
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  echo 'alpha:JwDZHQ' | chpasswd -m
Communication parameters:
 
*115.200 baud
 
*No parity
 
*8 databits
 
*1 stop bit
 
  
Turning AMC dipswitch S601-1 ON disables AlphaPro over IP
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If your system is 11.5.3.0 or later, you can omit the -m option, as MD5 crypted passwords are now the default.
  
[[Image:Linux4.png|250px]]
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The passwords are reset to factory defaults by [[Cold Start of AMC-IP]].
  
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==Accessing the Linux Console via serial port==
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[[Image:Linux3.png|right|250px|thumb|Connect the PC to serial port 1 of the AlphaCom]]
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If for some reason the Linux Console cannot be accessed via the ethernet port, it is possible to get access via serial port 1.
  
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#On the AMC-IP board, turn dip-switch S601-1 in the ON position
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#*Note: AlphaPro will not be able to connect to the AlphaCom while the switch is in this position
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#Connect the Com-port of the PC to serial port 1 of the AlphaCom
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#Start a terminal program (e.g. HyperTerminal) with the following communication parameters:
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#*115.200 baud
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#*No parity
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#*8 databits
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#*1 stop bit
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#Press '''Enter''', and you will be prompted for username and password:
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#*Username: '''alpha'''
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#*Password: '''com'''
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#You are now logged in to the Linux Console
  
=Some Linux commands=
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[[File:AMCsw601.png|250px|thumb|right|Location of dip-switch 601-1]]
 
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Remember to turn dip-switch S601-1 back to OFF position when finished. Else AlphaPro will not be able to establish communication with the AMC-IP.
:ping <IP-address>  (Checks communication against external device)<br\>
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<br style="clear:both;" />
:ps -A  (List running processes)
 
:ls -l  (list files)
 
:/sbin/ifconfig (list IP adresses  etc of ethernet ports)
 
:netstat -a (list network connections)
 
 
 
The Linux concole runs the "bash" shell.
 
Documentation for Linux commands: [http://www.die.net/doc/linux/man/ die.net/doc/linux]
 
 
 
The [[TST console]] debug function of the AMCD application can accessed from linux console. [[AlphaCom_SIP_interface#trace_and_debug|Tracing of SIP]] is also possible.
 
  
=Access the AMC-IP via FTP Client=
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==Related articles==
AlphaCom E supports FTP protocol (File Transfer Protocol). FTP client (like Windows Commander) looks and acts very much like the Windows Explorer. The FTP ports (20:21) are by default disabled in the firewall.
 
  
[[Image:Linux5.png|250px]]
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*[[TST console]]
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*[[SIP trace]]
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*[[Linux]]
  
[[Category:AlphaCom E Software]]
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[[Category: Upgrade and Recovery]]

Latest revision as of 09:28, 10 February 2020

AlphaCom icon 300px.png
The Linux Console

AlphaCom XE runs a Linux distribution from Timesys, kernel ver. 2.6. Linux uses a Command Line Interface (CLI). This CLI can be accessed via the so-called Linux Console.

In the field the Linux Console can be used for:


Accessing the Linux Console

In PuTTY enter the required connection parameters

The Linux Console is accessed via the ethernet port of the AMC-IP.

  1. In AlphaWeb, System Configuration -> Filters, enable the SSH port (port 22).
  2. A SSH/Telnet client is required on the PC. The free SSH/Telnet client “PuTTY” is recommended. Download and install PuTTY from here: PuTTY
  3. Start PuTTY, and enter the IP address of the AlphaCom, select protocol SSH and port number 22. Press Open.
  4. You will be prompted for username and password:
    • Username: alpha
    • Password: com
    • When using ICX500 use the same username but Password alphacom
  5. You are now logged in to the Linux Console
Successful login to the Linux Console

Note: AMC software version 10 is using the Telnet protocol on port 23, not the SSH protocol on port 22. When accessing an AMC-IP running software 10 you must enable Telnet (port 23) in Filters in AlphaWeb, and select Telnet protocol and port 23 in PuTTY.

Some useful commands

  • tst -s /tmp/sipd_trace (Start SIP trace - for debugging when SIP Trunk issues)
  • ping <IP-address> (Checks communication against external device)
  • ps -A (List running processes)
  • ls -l (list files)
  • /sbin/ifconfig (list IP adresses etc of ethernet ports)
  • netstat -a (list network connections)
  • top (Displays a listing of the most CPU-intensive tasks on the system)


The Linux console runs the "bash" shell. Documentation for Linux commands: die.net/doc/linux

Change linux user passwords

It is not possible to change linux user passwords from AlphaWeb (as of version 12.3.3.0). It can be done from Linux Console using the chpasswd command. Log in as root. Example: Change password of 'alpha' user to 'JwDZHQ'

  echo 'alpha:JwDZHQ' | chpasswd -m

If your system is 11.5.3.0 or later, you can omit the -m option, as MD5 crypted passwords are now the default.

The passwords are reset to factory defaults by Cold Start of AMC-IP.

Accessing the Linux Console via serial port

Connect the PC to serial port 1 of the AlphaCom

If for some reason the Linux Console cannot be accessed via the ethernet port, it is possible to get access via serial port 1.

  1. On the AMC-IP board, turn dip-switch S601-1 in the ON position
    • Note: AlphaPro will not be able to connect to the AlphaCom while the switch is in this position
  2. Connect the Com-port of the PC to serial port 1 of the AlphaCom
  3. Start a terminal program (e.g. HyperTerminal) with the following communication parameters:
    • 115.200 baud
    • No parity
    • 8 databits
    • 1 stop bit
  4. Press Enter, and you will be prompted for username and password:
    • Username: alpha
    • Password: com
  5. You are now logged in to the Linux Console
Location of dip-switch 601-1

Remember to turn dip-switch S601-1 back to OFF position when finished. Else AlphaPro will not be able to establish communication with the AMC-IP.

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