Difference between revisions of "Linux Console"

Latest revision as of 09:28, 10 February 2020

The Linux Console

AlphaCom XE runs a Linux distribution from Timesys, kernel ver. 2.6. Linux uses a Command Line Interface (CLI). This CLI can be accessed via the so-called Linux Console.

In the field the Linux Console can be used for:

Collect information for debugging purposes, e.g. SIP trace
Flash Image update – Recovery of file system
Direct access to the AMC-IP memory (NVRAM) via the TST console

Accessing the Linux Console

In PuTTY enter the required connection parameters

The Linux Console is accessed via the ethernet port of the AMC-IP.

In AlphaWeb, System Configuration -> Filters, enable the SSH port (port 22).
A SSH/Telnet client is required on the PC. The free SSH/Telnet client “PuTTY” is recommended. Download and install PuTTY from here: PuTTY
Start PuTTY, and enter the IP address of the AlphaCom, select protocol SSH and port number 22. Press Open.
You will be prompted for username and password:
- Username: alpha
- Password: com
- When using ICX500 use the same username but Password alphacom
You are now logged in to the Linux Console

Successful login to the Linux Console

Note: AMC software version 10 is using the Telnet protocol on port 23, not the SSH protocol on port 22. When accessing an AMC-IP running software 10 you must enable Telnet (port 23) in Filters in AlphaWeb, and select Telnet protocol and port 23 in PuTTY.

Some useful commands

tst -s /tmp/sipd_trace (Start SIP trace - for debugging when SIP Trunk issues)
ping <IP-address> (Checks communication against external device)
ps -A (List running processes)
ls -l (list files)
/sbin/ifconfig (list IP adresses etc of ethernet ports)
netstat -a (list network connections)
top (Displays a listing of the most CPU-intensive tasks on the system)

The Linux console runs the "bash" shell. Documentation for Linux commands: die.net/doc/linux

Change linux user passwords

It is not possible to change linux user passwords from AlphaWeb (as of version 12.3.3.0). It can be done from Linux Console using the chpasswd command. Log in as root. Example: Change password of 'alpha' user to 'JwDZHQ'

  echo 'alpha:JwDZHQ' | chpasswd -m

If your system is 11.5.3.0 or later, you can omit the -m option, as MD5 crypted passwords are now the default.

The passwords are reset to factory defaults by Cold Start of AMC-IP.

Accessing the Linux Console via serial port

Connect the PC to serial port 1 of the AlphaCom

If for some reason the Linux Console cannot be accessed via the ethernet port, it is possible to get access via serial port 1.

On the AMC-IP board, turn dip-switch S601-1 in the ON position
- Note: AlphaPro will not be able to connect to the AlphaCom while the switch is in this position
Connect the Com-port of the PC to serial port 1 of the AlphaCom
Start a terminal program (e.g. HyperTerminal) with the following communication parameters:
- 115.200 baud
- No parity
- 8 databits
- 1 stop bit
Press Enter, and you will be prompted for username and password:
- Username: alpha
- Password: com
You are now logged in to the Linux Console

Location of dip-switch 601-1

Remember to turn dip-switch S601-1 back to OFF position when finished. Else AlphaPro will not be able to establish communication with the AMC-IP.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[File:Linux Console.PNG|thumb|right|600px|The Linux Console]]
+{{A}}
+[[File:Linux Console.PNG|thumb|right|500px|The Linux Console]]
 AlphaCom XE runs a Linux distribution from Timesys, kernel ver. 2.6. Linux uses a Command Line Interface (CLI). This CLI can be accessed via the so-called Linux Console.
 In the field the Linux Console can be used for:
 *Collect information for debugging purposes, e.g. [[SIP trace]]
-*Flash Image update – Recovery of file system
+*Flash Image update – [[AMC Flash Image update from Redboot|Recovery of file system]]
-*To start the TST Console: Gives direct access to the AMC-IP memory (NVRAM)
+*Direct access to the AMC-IP memory (NVRAM) via the [[TST console]]
-== Access the Linux Console ==
+==Accessing the Linux Console==
 [[File:Putty Linux.PNG|thumb|right|400px|In PuTTY enter the required connection parameters]]
-Normally the Linux Console is accessed via the ethernet port of the AMC-IP, using the ”Secure Shell” (SSH) protocol.
+The Linux Console is accessed via the ethernet port of the AMC-IP.
-*A SSH client is required. The free SSH client “Putty” is recommended. Download and install PuTTY from here: [http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/ PuTTY]
-* In AlphaWeb, '''System Configuration''' -> '''Filters''', the SSH port (port 22) must be enabled
-* Start PuTTY, and enter the '''IP address''' of the AlphaCom, and select protocol '''SSH''' and port number''' 22'''. Press '''Open'''.
-* You are now prompted for username and password:
-** Username: '''Alpha'''
-** Password: '''Com'''
-* You are now logged in to the Linux Console
+#In AlphaWeb, '''System Configuration''' -> '''Filters''', enable the SSH port (port 22).
+#A SSH/Telnet client is required on the PC. The free SSH/Telnet client “PuTTY” is recommended. Download and install PuTTY from here: [http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/ PuTTY]
+#Start PuTTY, and enter the '''IP address''' of the AlphaCom, select protocol '''SSH''' and port number''' 22'''. Press '''Open'''.
+#You will be prompted for username and password:
+#*Username: '''alpha'''
+#*Password: '''com'''
+#*When using ICX500 use the same username but Password '''alphacom'''
+#You are now logged in to the Linux Console
-'''The Linux Console can be accessed on two ways:'''
+[[File:LinuxConsoleLogIn.PNG|thumb|400px|right|Successful login to the Linux Console]]
-*Via the ethernet port using ”telnet”
-*Via serial port 1
-==Linux  Console - Telnet==
+Note: AMC software version 10 is using the Telnet protocol on port 23, not the SSH protocol on port 22. When accessing an AMC-IP running software 10 you must enable Telnet (port 23) in '''Filters''' in AlphaWeb, and select '''Telnet''' protocol and port '''23''' in PuTTY.
-Start the Windows command line
+<br style="clear:both;" />
-[[Image:Linux1.png|250px]]
+==Some useful commands==
-Type telnet <AMC IP-adress>
+*tst -s /tmp/sipd_trace    (Start [[SIP trace]] - for debugging when SIP Trunk issues)
+*ping <IP-address>   (Checks communication against external device)<br />
+*ps -A   (List running processes)
+*ls -l  (list files)
+*/sbin/ifconfig (list IP adresses  etc of ethernet ports)
+*netstat -a (list network connections)
+*top    (Displays a listing of the most CPU-intensive tasks on the system)
-[[Image:Linux2.png|250px]]
- Username: alpha
+The Linux console runs the "bash" shell.
- Password: com
+Documentation for Linux commands: [http://www.die.net/doc/linux/man/ die.net/doc/linux]
- The Telnet port (23) is by default disabled in the firewall
+==Change linux user passwords==
+It is not possible to change linux user passwords from AlphaWeb (as of version 12.3.3.0). It can be done from Linux Console using the [http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/chpasswd.8.html chpasswd] command. Log in as root. Example: Change password of 'alpha' user to 'JwDZHQ'
-==Linux Console – Serial Port==
+   echo 'alpha:JwDZHQ' | chpasswd -m
-[[Image:Linux3.png|right|250px|thumb]]
+If your system is 11.5.3.0 or later, you can omit the -m option, as MD5 crypted passwords are now the default.
-Use a terminal program (like HyperTerminal) connected to serial port 1<br\>
+The passwords are reset to factory defaults by [[Cold Start of AMC-IP]].
-Communication parameters:
-*115.200 baud
-*No parity
-*8 databits
-*1 stop bit
-Turning AMC dipswitch S601-1 ON disables AlphaPro over IP
+==Accessing the Linux Console via serial port==
+[[Image:Linux3.png|right|250px|thumb|Connect the PC to serial port 1 of the AlphaCom]]
+If for some reason the Linux Console cannot be accessed via the ethernet port, it is possible to get access via serial port 1.
-[[Image:Linux4.png|250px]]
+#On the AMC-IP board, turn dip-switch S601-1 in the ON position
+#*Note: AlphaPro will not be able to connect to the AlphaCom while the switch is in this position
+#Connect the Com-port of the PC to serial port 1 of the AlphaCom
+#Start a terminal program (e.g. HyperTerminal) with the following communication parameters:
+#*115.200 baud
+#*No parity
+#*8 databits
+#*1 stop bit
+#Press '''Enter''', and you will be prompted for username and password:
+#*Username: '''alpha'''
+#*Password: '''com'''
+#You are now logged in to the Linux Console
+[[File:AMCsw601.png|250px|thumb|right|Location of dip-switch 601-1]]
+Remember to turn dip-switch S601-1 back to OFF position when finished. Else AlphaPro will not be able to establish communication with the AMC-IP.
+<br style="clear:both;" />
+==Related articles==
-==Some Linux commands==
+*[[TST console]]
+*[[SIP trace]]
-:ping <IP-address>   (Checks communication against external device)<br\>
+*[[Linux]]
-:ps -A   (List running processes)
-:ls -l  (list files)
-:/sbin/ifconfig (list IP adresses  etc of ethernet ports)
-:netstat -a (list network connections)
-The Linux console runs the "bash" shell.
-Documentation for Linux commands: [http://www.die.net/doc/linux/man/ die.net/doc/linux]
-The [[TST console]] debug function of the AMCD application can accessed from linux console. [[AlphaCom_SIP_interface#trace_and_debug|Tracing of SIP]] is also possible.
-[[Category:AlphaCom E Software]]
+[[Category: Upgrade and Recovery]]

Difference between revisions of "Linux Console"

From Zenitel Wiki

Latest revision as of 09:28, 10 February 2020

Contents

Accessing the Linux Console

Some useful commands

Change linux user passwords

Accessing the Linux Console via serial port

Related articles